岩石颗粒破碎的尺寸效应     

徐永福  王益栋  奚悦  褚飞飞 《工程地质学报》2014,22(6):1023-1027

固体颗粒破碎强度的尺寸效应是一种普遍存在的现象,冰块、岩石颗粒、陶瓷和混凝土块等的破碎强度都表现出随颗粒直径增加而减小的现象,分形模型为解释固体颗粒破碎强度的尺寸效应提供了可行的方法。本文采用Steacy和Sammis分形模型模拟了岩石颗粒压碎特征,分析岩石颗粒破碎后的颗粒分布规律,给出颗粒破碎分维的确定方法,建立颗粒压碎强度与粒径的理论关系,颗粒破碎强度与颗粒粒径的关系用分维D表示为fdD-3。已有的颗粒破碎分布的数据表明,岩石颗粒破碎的分维大约为2.50～2.60,颗粒破碎强度符合用分维表示的尺寸效应。  相似文献   

Evolution of neotectonic activity of East Anatolian Fault System (EAFS) in Bingöl pull-apart basin,based on fractal dimension and morphometric indices     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2014

This study is an attempt of a semi-automatic geomorphological GIS analysis based on morphometric indices. In the study, 10-m-resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) are used to assess the neotectonic signals regarding the recent topographic developments and to attach additional significance to active tectonics in the Bingöl basin area. The methodology incorporates the determination of the structural similarities of the faults in the basins using fractal concepts and the application of four morphometric indices (Stream Power Index (SP), Multi-resolution Index of Valley Bottom Flatness (MRVBF), Terrain Ruggedness Index (TRI) and Valley Width-to-Height Ratio (Vf)). In order to detect the deviation from spatial randomness of the applied indices, the weighted correlation coefficient Moran’s I is used and the results are interpreted at a confidence interval of 99%. The spatial distribution of integrated index values is evaluated with the tectonically active fault zones in order to determine the probable activity and the structural deformation in the basin.The applied methodology reveals that the fractal analysis of the fault lines and the spatial analysis of the morphometric indices proved to be effective tools in analyzing the tectonic influence of the fault system on the basin area. Within the basin area, a relatively lesser degree of tectonic activity is observed, in contrast with the high tectonic activity outside the basin.  相似文献   

The method of a two-point conditional column density for estimating the fractal dimension of the distribution of galaxies     

Yu. V. Baryshev  Yu. L. Bukhmastova 《Astronomy Letters》2004,30(7):444-450

We suggest a new method for estimating the fractal dimension of the spatial distribution of galaxies: the method of selected cylinders. We show the capabilities of this method by constructing a two-point conditional column density for galaxies with known redshifts from the LEDA database. The fractal dimension of a sample of LEDA and EDR SDSS galaxies has been estimated to be 2.1±0.1 for cylinder lengths of 200 Mpc. A major advantage of the suggested method is that it allows scales comparable to the catalog depth to be analyzed for galaxy surveys in the form of conical sectors and small fields in the sky.  相似文献   

Surface roughness of alumina fragments caused by hypervelocity impact     

T. Kadono  J. Kameda  H. Tanaka  A. Fujiwara 《Planetary and Space Science》2006,54(2):212-215

Hypervelocity impact experiments are carried out with alumina ceramic targets at impact velocities of 2-4 km/s. The fractal dimension (or roughness exponent) of fragment surfaces is estimated by two different methods (different length scales). One is a divider method (large scale) and the other is a gas-absorption one (small scale). The obtained fractal dimensions are different: ∼2.2-2.4 for larger scale and ∼2.5-2.7 for smaller scale. These values are regardless of the degree of fragmentation.  相似文献   

A critical state model for sands dependent on stress and density     

Y.P. Yao  D.A. Sun  T. Luo 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2004,28(4):323-337

An elastoplastic model for sands is presented in this paper, which can describe stress–strain behaviour dependent on mean effective stress level and void ratio. The main features of the proposed model are: (a) a new state parameter, which is dependent on the initial void ratio and initial mean stress, is proposed and applied to the yield function in order to predict the plastic deformation for very loose sands; and (b) another new state parameter, which is used to determine the peak strength and describe the critical state behaviour of sands during shearing, is proposed in order to predict simply negative/positive dilatancy and the hardening/softening behaviour of medium or dense sands. In addition, the proposed model can also predict the stress–strain behaviour of sands under three-dimensional stress conditions by using a transformed stress tensor instead of ordinary stress tensor. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Detectability of deterministic non-linear processes in Earth rotation time-series—I. Embedding     

V. Frede  & P. Mazzega 《Geophysical Journal International》1999,137(2):551-564

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区域交通网络分形的DBM特征--交通网络Laplacian分形性质的实证研究   总被引：25，自引：3，他引：22  

陈彦光  刘继生 《地理科学》1999,19(2):114-118

城镇体系在理论状态下的三角点阵格局暗示着现实中的交通网络在一定时空条件下具有ＤＢＭ模型的某些特征。从形态分析和维数对比两个方面论证了区域交通网络扔Ｌａｐｌａｃｉａｎ分形性质,认为可用ＤＢＭ模型模拟城镇体系－交通网络的形成和演化过程,从而揭示其动力学机制。  相似文献   

HEIFE绿洲和沙漠地区大气边界层湍流混沌特性研究   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7  

高志球  王介民 《高原气象》1998,17(4):397-402

利用“黑河实验”期间张掖、沙漠观测站加强观测期间１９９１年６月２０日０９：００至１９９１年１０月２日０９：００时段内水平风速的观测资料,计算分析了有关测量混沌的特征量：关联维数。Ｌｙａｐｕｎｏｖ指数和Ｋｏｌｍｏｇｏｒｏｗ熵。  相似文献   

淮河流域洪涝变化吸引子维数研究   总被引：15，自引：1，他引：14  

周寅康  包浩生 《地理科学》1998,18(4):362-367

淮河流域洪涝序列的功率谱表现出了较好的混沌谱特征,这是序列呈分形结构的内在原因。洪涝序列及其不同平滑序列的关联维数表明,序列平滑程度越大,关联维数越小,关联维数反映了序列所在系统的层次,是系统结构复杂性的重要量度,是 系统建模所需独立变量的控制参数。要恰当地描述淮河流域洪涝发生系数,需构造至少５个状态变量的动力学系统。  相似文献   

灰色理论在预应力锚索优化设计中的应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

冉恒谦  谢建清 《探矿工程》1998,(1):11-13

简要介绍了灰色理论的局势决策和线性规划方法,并以实例说明该方法的预应力锚索加固优化设计中的具体应用过程。  相似文献